Potential New Biomarker for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

A new study looked at the possibility of a causal relationship between interleukin-18 (IL-18) cytokine and the risk of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Cytokines are proteins released by cells that have an effect on the interactions, communications or behavior of cells, and include molecules (interleukins and interferons) that trigger inflammation and response to infections. A positive association was discovered between genetically predicted IL-18 and SLE. Previous research showed that IL-18, which is a proinflammatory biomarker can be reduced when inflammation is present. 

Researchers analyzed genetic data associated with IL-18 from a study involving 21,758 individuals of European descent. They noted levels of IL-18 in people with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Results showed a statistically significant or positive association between IL-18 and the risk of SLE as well as Type 1 diabetes. 

While the research suggests that IL-18 levels are associated with risk of SLE, more studies are needed to establish presence of IL-18 as a potential biomarker for SLE treatment. Learn more about lupus.

Read the study