A new study is advancing the understanding of lupus nephritis, (LN, lupus-related kidney disease), identifying a microbiome-associated disease pathway. The pathway was found to be associated with lupus flares and kidneydamage in both patient samples and preclinical models. Notably, the study also identified a potential biomarker, antibodies targeting a bacterial molecule, that may help identify people at higher risk for disease activity. 

Researchers found that overgrowth of a gut bacterium called Ruminococcus gnavus, may trigger systemic inflammation that contributes to kidney damage. The identified bacterial molecule, a lipoglycan toxin, can activate platelets and immune cells, driving a process known as thromboinflammation. These findings highlight a distinct subgroup of LN associated with microbiome-related immune responses, opening the door to more personalized and effective treatment approaches. Abhimanyu Amarnani, MD, Lupus Foundation of America Gary S. Gilkeson Career Development Award (CDA) awardee, was a lead investigator on this study and mentioned: 

"This research identifies a major gut-to-kidney trigger for lupus flares, showing that in some people, disease activity may begin in the microbiome. Researchers identified a specific subtype of lupus where a toxin from gut bacteria triggers inflammation and kidney injury, which can be detected through a simple blood test. These findings may move us closer to more personalized treatments that better protect the kidneys and go beyond a one-size-fits-all approach."

The research further drives the needle in LN care. Future LN therapies may be developed to target these pathways directly, potentially reducing reliance on broad immunosuppression. This study was funded by The Lupus Foundation of America (LFA) grants program. Learn more about lupus and the gut.

Read the study