Predictors for the Development of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in People with Sjogren’s Syndrome

Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder where the body attacks the moisture-producing glands and can overlap with other autoimmune diseases, most commonly lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. In a new study, researchers looked at the impact of demographic factors, clinical manifestations, disease activity and antibody tests in people with SS to look for predictors for future development of SLE. They found shorter disease duration and higher disease activity of SS at baseline may be predictors for future development of SLE.

Researchers reviewed the records of 1,082 people who have SS, but no other autoimmune diseases at baseline. After analyzing demographic factors, extra-glandular manifestations (EGMs) or typical organ and tissue involvement of SS, clinical manifestations, and laboratory values, they divided the group into two sub-groups: SS/SLE group vs. SS group. The researchers found:

• More disease activity in the SS/SLE group (lymphadenopathy (swelling of lymph nodes) and kidney involvement)
• Serologic (includes blood, plasma, and other bodily fluids) predictors of SLE development:
  • Hypocomplementemia – a deficiency or decreased amount of complement in the blood
  • Leukopenia
  • Thrombocytopenia – a condition where an abnormally low level of platelets are observed, which increases the risk of bleeding
  • Positivity for certain antibodies (anti-dsDNA, anti-RNP, and anti-ribosomal P)

Learning as much as possible about the SS disease process will enable individuals with commonly associated diseases to be aware of problems and symptoms. This study highlights factors that should be monitored closely in people with SS and at risk of developing SLE . Further studies are needed to understand the connection between SS and SLE development. Learn more about Sjogren’s syndrome.

Read the study