Low Vitamin D Levels Linked to Higher Risk of Death and Heart Events in People with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

A new study found that low levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels, the main form of vitamin D circulating in the human body, are associated with significantly higher mortality and cardiovascular events in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in SLE and has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk and mortality in the general population.  

The study included data from 1,768 people with lupus  in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort. From the data, researchers examined three measures of vitamin D status: levels at the start of the study, the average level over the prior year, and the most recent measurement. Both a prospective analysis of events that occurred after the first vitamin D measurement, and a lifetime analysis that captured events before and after participants entered the cohort were conducted. 

Findings indicated that individuals with SLE whose vitamin D levels were below 20 ng/mL at the start of the study were more than twice as likely to die and nearly three times as likely to experience a cardiovascular event compared to those with levels in the 30–39 ng/mL range. Low vitamin D levels were also associated with increased risk of stroke and angina/bypass procedures. Notably, vitamin D levels at the start of the study were more strongly linked to these risks than levels measured later. In this study, increasing vitamin D levels over time was not clearly associated with a lower risk of heart events.

More research is needed into the timing and long-term effects of vitamin D supplements on heart health in people with SLE. Talk to your doctor before making any changes to your treatment. Learn more about nutrition and Vitamin D for people with lupus.

Read the study